Chapter 10
附录
Appendix
622
of 659
Page 622

English Translation

Yixing Zisha pottery art originated in the Song Dynasty, matured through the Ming and Qing dynasties, and has developed to the present day. The artistic forms of teapots have reached perfection and richness. How to identify and appreciate this unique branch of Zisha pottery art within the world of ceramics—that is, what aesthetic perspective should be held toward Zisha pottery art—directly influences the creative conception of makers. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the aesthetic perspective of Zisha art. As is well known, Yixing Zisha possesses its unique characteristics. For example, the exclusive deposits of clay raw materials occupy an advantageous geographical position. The forming techniques, primarily using clay slab joining and beating the body cylinder as the main forming methods, differ from the various forming principles of other ceramic industries. Connected to this are the cultural dimensions of decoration, and so on. These should all be considered aesthetic factors inherent to Yixing Zisha art. How should one appreciate a specific work? For instance, take the teapot, the most famous form in Zisha art. Analyzing traditional forms, in the structure of each vessel type, according to the theories and principles of sculptural art, most are composed of points, lines, and surfaces forming the main body, along with attachments such as the spout, handle, mouth, base, foot, lid, knob, and so on—the relationships of their configurations, the appropriateness of proportions in each aspect, the buffering transitions in the structure of outer contour lines, the technical treatment of light and dark surfaces (that is, the means of production), the contrast between void and solid formed by space and substance, and so on. All of these can serve as infinite considerations, enabling the object (vessel or teapot) to contain rich aesthetic appeal. Speaking abstractly about the aesthetics of Zisha pottery art, it can be summarized into four elements: form, spirit, essence, and posture. That is, the beauty of form refers to the outer contour of the work, which is the concrete visual appearance; spirit refers to spiritual resonance, which likewise enables people to experience the charm of spiritual beauty; essence refers to temperament, the harmonious and coordinated beauty of color and inherent quality contained in the pottery art; posture refers to form and bearing—the various attitudes of a work's height, lowness, plumpness, slenderness, firmness, softness, squareness, and roundness. Only when these aspects flow together as one is a work truly perfect and excellent. But here one must also distinguish between the two aspects of principle and interest. If teapot enthusiasts lean toward principle, they will calculate and measure whether the pot's capacity should be large or small...